Question: I have read that rose hip seeds contain cyanide, is it truly safe to consume the tea with ground seeds?
Some species of Rosaceae family do contain a small amount of cyanide. However, I can find no reference in any scientific journals stating that rose hip (Rosa canina) seeds are toxic.
Not consuming rose hips would be a little like saying “don’t eat apples” because their seeds contain cyanide too.
Ray Mears in his “Wild Food” book mentions on page 189 that Rosaceae “…protect their fruits and seeds (particularly the kernels of their fruit stones) by lacing them with compounds called cyanogenic glycosides that release cyanide as soon as any cells are damaged…”.
But Mears is talking in general here as he is referring to the whole of the Rosaceae family, rather than one species.
Thomas J. Elpel on page 101 in his book “Botany in a Day” states “…the seeds are nutritious too and should be eaten.”
A reader picked Elpel up on this claim (again he lists no scientific reference to their edibility), saying “I’ve always been told (by at least one well-renowned primitive skills instructor) that they are inedible or even poisonous.”
Elpel replies on his website, “In twenty years I’ve never come across any reference to the seeds of rose hips being poisonous, except that they are hairy and could potentially become a choking hazard”.
It is easy to make a statement of fact based on one’s own personal experience. Does that mean you can trust the information?
That depends, and as I have previously written, you need to proceed with caution when eating any wild food.
As far as I am concerned my family and I have no problem making a rose hip tea which includes rose hip seeds.
So what does the science say?
Well, there is a considerable reference to the Rosa canina seeds being nutritious and used for the treatment of chronic pain.
One would think that if rose hip seeds wherein anyway toxic, that it would have been made very clear in the scientific research.
At the end of the day, you have to decide whether to try a wild food or not.
References
- A systematic review on the Rosa canina effect and efficacy profiles.
- The evidence for clinical efficacy of rose hip and seed: a systematic review.
- A powder made from seeds and shells of a rose-hip subspecies (Rosa canina).
- Nutrient composition of rose (Rosa canina) seed and oils.
- Rose hip (Rosa canina) oil obtained from waste hip seeds by different extraction methods.
- A one-year survey on the use of a powder from Rosa canina lito in acute exacerbations of chronic pain.
- Does the hip powder of Rosa canina (rosehip) reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients?